Rajesh Muthusamy discusses the importance of security in web applications and how OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect (OIDC) are best practices for enhancing authentication and authorization. He explains the shift from password-based authentication to token-based approaches, the registration process for third-party applications, and the generation of access tokens and refresh tokens. The transcript also touches on the significance of scopes and permissions in OAuth 2.0 and emphasizes the need for security measures when implementing these protocols.